求財金英語專業術語，英漢都要有的

acquiring company 收購公司 bad loan 呆帳 chart of cash flow 現金流量表 clearly-established ownership 產權清楚 debt to equity 債轉股 diversity of equities 股權多元化 economy of scale 範圍經濟 emerging economies 新興經濟 exchange-rate regime 匯率機制 fund and financing 籌資融資 global financial architecture 全球金融體系 global integration, globality 全球一體化，全球化 go public 上市 growth spurt （經濟的）急劇增加 have one's "two commas" 百萬大年夜亨 hedge against 套期保值 housing mortgage 住房按揭 holdings 控股，所持股份 holding company 控股公司 initial offerings 原始股 initial public offerings 初次公募 innovative business 創新企業 intellectual capital 智力資本 inter-bank lending 拆借 internet customer 網上客戶 investment payoff period 投資接納期 joint-stock 參股 mall rat 愛逛市廛的年青人 means of proction 出產要素 (the)medical cost social pool for major diseases 大年夜病醫療費用社會兼顧 mergers and acquisitions 併購 mobile-phone banking 舉動德律風銀行業 moods 人氣 net potato 網蟲 non-store seling 直銷 offering 新股 online-banking 網上銀行業 online-finance 在線金融 online client （銀行的）網上客戶 paper profit 帳面收益 physical assets 有形資產 project fund system 項目資本金軌制 pyramid sale 傳銷 recapitalize 資產重組 regional corrency blocks 地區貨幣集團 regulate 調控 sell off 變現 share(stock) option 期權，股票認購權 smart card 智能卡 slash prices 殺價 spare capacity 閑置的出產才能 strong growth 微弱的增加勢頭 switch trade 轉手貿易 take…public 上市 tap the idle assets 盤活存量資產 transaction （銀行的） 買賣 transfer payment from the exchequer 財務轉移付出 venture-capital 傷害資本 virtual bank 虛擬銀行 wire transfer 電子轉帳 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 DD 打白條 issue IOU 大年夜額存單 certificate of deposit（CD） 大年夜額提現 withdraw deposits in large amounts 大年夜面積滑坡 wide-spread decline 大年夜一統的銀行體系 （all-in-one）mono-bank system 呆賬（請見「壞賬」） bad loans 呆賬籌備金 loan loss reserves（provisions） 獃滯存款 idle loans 存款沉澱 non-performing loans 存款分類 loan classification 存款限額管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling 存款束縛機制 credit disciplinary（constraint）mechanism 代辦國庫 to act as fiscal agent 代辦金融機構存款 make loans on behalf of other institutions 戴帽存款 ear-marked loans 倒逼機制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition 品德傷害 moral hazard 地區差別 regional disparity 第一產業 the primary instry 第二產業 the secondary instry 第三產業 the service instry;the tertiary instry 遞延資產 deferrable assets 訂貨缺乏 insufficient orders 按期存款 time deposits 定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources 東道國（請見「母國」） host country 獨破核算 independent accounting 短期國債 treasury bills 對沖操縱 sterilization operation;hedging 對非金融部分債權 claims on non-financial sector 多種全部制情勢 diversified ownership 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 E-FE 惡性通貨收縮 hyperinflation 二級市場 secondary market F 發行貨幣 to issue currency 發行總股本 total stock issue 法定籌備金 required reserves;reserve requirement 法人股 institutional shares 法人股東 institutional shareholders 法治 rule of law 房地產投資 real estate investment 放鬆銀根 to ease monetary policy 非現場考核 off-site surveillance（or monitoring） 非銀行金融機構 non-bank financial institutions 非賺錢性機構 non-profit organizations 分稅制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system 分業運營 segregation of financial business（services）;division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions 傷害裸露（傷害敞口） risk exposure 傷害管理 risk management 傷害認識 risk awareness 傷害資本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios 傷害資本標準 risk-based capital standard 效勞奇跡收入 public service charges;user's charges 扶貧 poverty alleviation 負增加 negative growth 複式預算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 GG 改革試點 reform experimentation 槓桿率 leverage ratio 槓桿收購 leveraged buyout 高息集資 to raise funds by offering high interest 團體股 non-institutional shares 基本改變 fundamental turnaround（or reversal） 公開市場操縱 open market operations 公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts 公用奇跡 public utilities 私有經濟 the state-owned sector;the public sector 私有制 public ownership 產業本錢利潤率 profit-to-cost ratio 產業增加值 instrial value added 供大年夜於求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply 鼓勵辦法 incentives 股份共同企業 joint-equity cooperative enterprises 股份制企業 joint-equity enterprises 股份制銀行 joint-equity banks 牢固資產存款 fixed asset loans 關稅減免 tariff rection and exemption 關稅減讓 tariff concessions 關稅優惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment 標準行動 to regularize（or standardize）…behavior 範圍效益 economies of scale 國計平易近生 national interest and people's livelihood 國度對團體其他付出 other government outlays to indivials 國度傷害 country risk 國際分工 international division of labor 國際進出 balance of payments 國有獨資貿易銀行 wholly state-owned commercial banks 國有經濟（部分） the state-owned（or public）sector 國有企業 state-owned enterprises（SOEs） 國有制 state-ownership 國有資產消散 erosion of state assets 國債回購 government securities repurchase 國債一級自營商 primary underwriters of government securities 適度競爭 excessive competition 適度收縮 excessive expansion 過熱跡象 signs of overheating 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 HH 公道預期 rational expectation 核心資本 core capital 合夥企業 joint-venture enterprises 紅利 dividend 微不雅經濟運營精良 sound macroeconomic performance 微不雅經濟基本狀況 macroeconomic fundamentals 微不雅調控 macroeconomic management（or adjustment） 微不雅調控目標 macroeconomic objectives（or targets） 壞賬 bad debt 還本付息 debt service 換匯本錢 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings 匯兌在途 funds in float 匯兌付出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank 匯率並軌 unification of exchange rates 活期存款 demand deposits 匯率掉調 exchange rate misalignment 混淆全部制 diversified（mixed）ownership 貨幣政策態勢 monetary policy stance 貨款拖欠 overe obligations to suppliers 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 JJ 基本建立投資 investment in infrastructure 基本經濟要素 economic fundamentals 基本適度 broadly appropriate 基準利率 benchmark interest rate 構造集團存款 deposits of non-profit institutions 機會本錢 opportunity cost 鼓勵機制 incentive mechanism 積存嚴重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory 擠提存款 run on banks 擠占挪用 unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated uses） 技改投資 investment in technological upgrading 技巧轆集型產品 technology-intensive proct 打算單列市 municipalities with independent planning status 打算經濟 planned economy 群體經濟 the collective sector 加大年夜構造調劑力度 to intensify structural adjustment 加工貿易 processing trade 加快態勢 accelerating trend 加強稅收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration 加權價 weighted average price 價格攤開 price liberalization 價格構成機制 pricing mechanism 減虧 to rece losses 簡化手續 to cut red tape;to simplify（streamline）proceres 交投活潑 brisk trading 繳存籌備金 to deposit required reserves 構造歪曲 structural distortion 構造掉調 structural imbalance 構造性抵觸凸起 acute structural imbalance 構造優化 structural improvement（optimization） 結匯、售匯 sale and purchase of foreign exchange 金融脆弱 financial fragility 金融動亂 financial turbulence 金融風雲 financial disturbance 金融驚恐 financial panic 金融危機 financial crisis 金融壓抑 financial repression 金融衍生物 financial derivatives 金融欺騙 financial fraud 緊縮銀根 to tighten monetary policy 緊縮政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies 常常賬戶可兌換 current account convertibility 經濟特區 special economic zones（SEZs） 經濟體系改革 economic reform 經濟增加方法的改變 change in the main source of economic growth（from investment expansion to efficiency gains） 經濟增加減速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth 經濟制裁 economic sanction 運營自立權 autonomy in management 景氣上升 recovery in business activity 境外投資 overseas investment 競爭加劇 intensifying competition 部分性金融風雲 localized（isolated）financial disturbance 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 K-LK 創辦國平易近幣營業 to engage in RMB business 可保持（可持續）經濟增加 sustainable economic growth 可變本錢 variable cost 可自由兌換貨幣 freely convertible currency 把持現金投放 control currency issuance 扣除物價要素 in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis 庫存產品 inventory 跨國銀行營業 cross-border banking 跨年度採購 cross-year procurement 司帳原則 accounting standard L 來料加工 processing of imported materials for export 離岸銀行營業 off-shore banking（business） 理順外貿體系 to rationalize foreign trade regime 利率槓桿的調理感化 the role of interest rates in resource allocation 利潤驅動 profit-driven 本錢接納率 interest collection ratio 聯行清理 inter-bank settlement 連鎖企業 franchise（businesses）;chain businesses 良性輪回 virtuous cycle 兩極分化 growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution 批發物價指數 retail price index（RPI） 活動性比例 liquidity ratio 活動資產周轉率/流暢速度 velocity of liquid assets 活動資金存款 working capital loans 流暢體系 distribution system 流暢網路 distribution network 留購（租賃期滿時承租人可購買租賃物） hire purchase 把持行業 monopolized instry（sector） 亂集資 irregular（illegal）fund raising 亂收費 irregular（illegal）charges 亂攤派 unjustified（arbitrary）levies 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 M-PM 買方市場 buyer's market 賣方市場 seller's market 賣出回購證券 matched sale of repo 貿易差額 trade balance 官方信用 non-institutionalized credit 免二減三 exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax rection for thefollowing three years 明補 explicit subsidy 明虧 explicit loss 名牌產品 brand procts 母國（請見「東道國」） home country N 外部把持 internal control 外部審計 internal audit 邊疆與噴鼻港 the mainland and Hong Kong 外債 domestic debt 扭虧為盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one 歪曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources 農副產品採購付出 outlays for agricultural procurement 都會信用社 rural credit cooperatives（RCCs） P 泡沫效應 bubble effect 泡沫經濟 bubble economy 培養新的經濟增加點 to tap new sources of economic growth 單方面尋求開展速度 excessive pursuit of growth 均衡開展 balanced development 瓶頸制約 bottleneck（constraints） 安穩上升 steady recovery 鋪底活動資金 initial（start-up）working capital 廣泛上升 broad-based recovery 配套改革 concomitant（supporting）reforms 配套國平易近幣資金 local currency funding of… 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 Q-RQ 企業辦社會 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities 企業集團戰略 corporate group strategy 企業兼并重組 company merger and restructuring 企業領導班子 enterprise management 企業所得稅 enterprise（corporate）income tax 企業效益 corporate profitability 企業資金違規流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market 欠稅 tax arrears 欠息 overe interest 強化稅收征管 to strengthen tax administration 強迫辦法 enforcement action 翹尾要素 carryover effect 切一刀 partial application 清理收回存款 clean up and recover loans （停業）清理 liquidation 傾斜政策 preferential policy 差別對待 differential treatment 趨向加強 intensifying trend 全球化 globalization 權利報答率 returns on equity（ROE） 缺乏潛力 unsustainable momentum R 繞範圍存款 to circumvent credit ceiling 人均國內出產總值 per capita GDP 人均收入 per capita income 國平易近幣升值壓力 upward pressure on the Renminbi（exchange rate） 認繳資本 subscribed capital 軟存款 soft loans 軟預算束縛 soft budget constraint 軟著陸 soft landing 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 W-XW 外部審計 external audit 本國直接投資 foreign direct investment （FDI） 外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves 外匯調處 foreign exchange swap 外匯占款 the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings 外向型經濟 export-oriented economy 外債 external debt 外資企業 foreign-funded enterprises 完美現代企業軌制 to improve the modern enterprise system 完稅憑據 tax payment documentation 守法運營 illegal business 委託存款 entrusted deposits 穩步增加 steady growth 持重的銀行體系 a sound banking system 穩中求進 to make progress while ensuring stability 無紙買賣 book-entry（or paperless/scriptless）transaction 物價監測 price monitoring X 吸納活動性 to absorb liquidity 稀缺經濟 scarcity economy 洗錢 money laundering 體系內調理 fund allocation within a bank 體系性金融危機 systemic financial crisis 下崗工人 laid-off employees 下游企業 down-stream enterprises 現場考核 on-site examination 現金滯留（住平易近手中） cash held outside the banking system 鄉鎮企業 township and village enterprises（TVEs） 花費物價指數 consumer price index（CPI） 花費稅 excise（consumption）tax 毀滅財務赤字 to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit 銷貨款回籠 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system 銷售平淡 lackluster sales 協定外資金額 committed amount of foreign investment 新經濟增加點 new sources of economic growth 新開工項目 new projects;newly started projects 新增存款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion 新增賦閑地位 new jobs;new job opportunities 信貸範圍考察 review the compliance with credit ceilings 旌旗燈號掉真 distorted signals 信託投資公司 trust and investment companies 信息錯誤稱 information asymmetry 信息反應 feedback（information） 信息共享體系 information sharing system 信息表露 information disclosure 信用擴大年夜 credir expansion 信用評級 credit rating 姓「資」還是姓「社」 pertaining to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist 行政辦法 administrative measures 須要收縮 demand expansion; excessive demand 虛假存款 window-dressing deposits 增添冗員 to shed excess labor force 尋租 rent seeking 敏捷反彈 quick rebound 經濟金融術語漢英對比表 Y-ZY 養老基金 pension fund 一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation 一級市場 primary market 應收未收本錢 overe interest 銀行網點 banking outlets 賺錢才能 profitability 營業稅 business tax 硬存款（貿易存款） commercial loans 用地審批 to grant land use right 有管理的浮動匯率 managed floating exchange rate 證券投資 portfolio investment 遊資（熱錢） hot money 有市場的產品 marketable procts 有效供給 effective supply 誘發新一輪經濟擴大年夜 trigger a new round of economic expansion 過期存款 overe loans;past-e loans 與國際慣例接軌 to become compatible with internationally accepted 與國際市場接軌 to integrate with the world market 預算外付出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue） 預調 pre-emptive adjustment 月環比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis Z 再存款 central bank lending 在國際金融機構儲備頭寸 reserve position in international financial institutions 在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank 在途資金 fund in float 增加農業投入 to increase investment in agriculture 增勢減緩 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum 增收節支辦法 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures 增加安穩 steady growth 增值稅 value-added tax（VAT） 漲幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth 賬外賬 concealed accounts 折舊 depreciation 收拾 retrenchment;consolidation 政策東西 policy instrument 政策性營業 policy-related operations 政策性銀行 policy banks 政策組合 policy mix 當局干預 government intervention 證券買賣清理 settlement of securities transactions 證券營業占款 funding of securities purchase 付出艱苦 payment difficulty 付出才能 payment capacity 直接調控方法向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments 直接調控方法改變本能機能轉換 transformation of functions 職業品德 professional ethics 指令性辦法 mandatory measures 指令性打算 mandatory plan;administered plan 制訂跟履行貨幣政策 to conct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy 滯後影響 lagged effect 中介機構 intermediaries 中心與處所財務 delineation of fiscal responsibilities 分灶吃飯重點建立 key construction projects;key investment project 周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle 周轉速度 velocity 主辦銀行 main bank 主權傷害 sovereign risk 註冊資本 registered capital 逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation 逐步撤消 to phase out 抓大年夜放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition） 專款公用 use of funds as ear-marked 轉貸 on-lending 轉軌經濟 transition economy 轉機 turnaround 轉構造頭 turning point 准財務赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit 準貨幣 quasi-money 資本缺乏 under-capitalized 資本充分率 capital adequacy ratio 資本利潤率 return on capital 資本賬戶可兌換 capital account convertibility 資不抵債 insolvent;insolvency 資產負債表 balance sheet 資產負債率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets 資產會合 asset concentration 資產奉獻率 asset contribution factor 資產利潤率 return on assets （ROA） 資產品質 asset quality 資產組合 asset portfolio 資金本錢 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost 資金到位 fully funded （project） 資金寬裕 to have sufficient funds 資金利用率 fund utilization rate 資金缺口 financing gap 資金體外輪回 financial disintermediation 資金佔壓 funds tied up 自籌投資項目 self-financed projects 自有資金 equity fund 綜合國力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP） 綜合效益指標 overall efficiency indicator 綜合管理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul 總成交額 total contract value 總買賣量 total amount of transactions 總本錢 total cost 最後存款人 lender of last resort